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What is Percentile?
A percentile is a statistical measure that indicates the relative position of a value within a dataset, showing how a value compares to other values in terms of percentage. It answers the question, “What percentage of data falls below this value?”
For example:
- If a student’s test score is at the 80th percentile, this means they scored higher than 80% of the students who took the test.
- If a weight measurement is in the 30th percentile, it means that 30% of the data points are less than or equal to that value.
Percentiles are often used in tests, surveys, and data analysis to understand distributions, identify outliers, and compare individual values to the whole dataset. Here’s a breakdown:
- 0th percentile: The lowest value in the dataset.
- 50th percentile: The median, where 50% of the values are below it.
- 100th percentile: The highest value in the dataset.
To calculate percentiles, data is ordered from smallest to largest, and the percentile of a specific value is found based on its position within that ordered data.
How to Calculate Percentile?
To calculate a percentile, you need a dataset and a specific value within that dataset. Here’s the step-by-step process:
1. Order the Data
Arrange all the data points in your dataset from smallest to largest.
2. Identify the Position of the Desired Value
To calculate the percentile for a specific value, you use the formula:
Example:
Let’s calculate the percentile for a score of 68 in the following dataset:
50, 55, 60, 65, 68, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90
Step 1: Order the data
The data is already in order: 50, 55, 60, 65, 68, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90.
Step 2: Count how many values are below the specific value (68)
In this case, 4 values (50, 55, 60, 65) are less than 68.
Step 3: Apply the percentile formula
There are 10 total values in the dataset, so:
This means that the score of 68 is in the 40th percentile, meaning 40% of the data values are less than or equal to 68.
How to Use Percentile Calculator Jee Rank?
The percentile in the JEE (Joint Entrance Examination) context is calculated to indicate how a candidate performed relative to others in the exam. It’s important to understand that the JEE percentile is not the percentage of marks obtained but a measure of performance relative to other candidates.
Here’s the general process for calculating the JEE percentile score:
JEE Percentile Formula:
This formula gives the percentile rank, which shows the percentage of candidates who scored below a specific candidate.
Example Calculation:
Let’s assume:
- Total number of candidates appearing for the exam: 100,000
- A candidate’s rank is 10,000 (i.e., 90,000 candidates scored less than this candidate).
Using the formula:
This means the candidate is in the 90th percentile, meaning 90% of the candidates scored below this candidate.
Key Points:
- JEE Main percentile scores are calculated separately for each subject (Math, Physics, Chemistry) and then averaged to get the overall percentile.
- The normalization process is used since the exam is conducted in multiple shifts. The percentile score is then calculated for each session of the exam.
Step-by-Step Calculation for JEE Percentile:
- Organize Scores by Session: Each shift of the exam is treated separately. The number of candidates and their scores are considered only for that session.
- Rank Calculation for the Shift: For each shift, rank candidates according to their scores.
- Apply the Percentile Formula: For each candidate, apply the percentile formula based on the number of candidates who scored less than them in their shift.
- Final Percentile Calculation: The percentile scores for each session are then compiled to create the overall ranking.
Special Notes:
- Tie-breaking: If two candidates have the same percentile score, tie-breaking rules such as marks in individual subjects are used.
- The final rank of a candidate depends on the overall percentile, combining scores from all sessions.
JEE percentile scores are normalized to ensure fairness, considering that the exam is held in multiple shifts with potentially varying difficulty levels.
Percentile Calculator from Rank
To calculate the percentile from a given rank, you can use a simple formula that relates your rank to the total number of candidates. Here’s the formula:
This formula shows the percentage of candidates who scored less than or equal to you.
Step-by-Step Example:
Let’s calculate the percentile from a rank with these details:
- Your rank: 15,000
- Total number of candidates: 100,000
Step 1: Apply the formula
[
\text{Percentile} = \frac{100,000 – 15,000}{100,000} \times 100
]
Step 2: Simplify the equation
[
\text{Percentile} = \frac{85,000}{100,000} \times 100 = 85\%
]
Interpretation:
If your rank is 15,000 out of 100,000 candidates, your percentile is 85%. This means you performed better than 85% of the candidates.
Key Points:
- The higher your percentile, the better your rank compared to other candidates.
- If your rank is 1, your percentile is almost 100%, meaning you are at the top.
- If your rank is the last one, your percentile will be close to 0%.
Percentile Calculator for CAT
The CAT (Common Admission Test) is a highly competitive entrance exam conducted annually in India. It allows candidates to take admission in prestigious management programs, primarily the IIMs (Indian Institutes of Management) and several other top business schools. Here’s a breakdown of key details about the CAT exam:
1. Exam Structure:
The CAT exam tests candidates on three main areas:
- Verbal Ability and Reading Comprehension (VARC): Language and comprehension skills.
- Data Interpretation and Logical Reasoning (DILR): Analytical skills and logical reasoning.
- Quantitative Ability (QA): Mathematical and quantitative problem-solving skills.
Distribution of Questions:
- VARC: 24 questions
- DILR: 20 questions
- QA: 22 questions
(Exact numbers may vary slightly year by year)
2. Scoring Pattern:
- Total Marks: The exam is usually out of 198 marks.
- Marking Scheme:
- 3 marks are awarded for each correct answer.
- 1 mark is deducted for each incorrect answer (for MCQs).
- No negative marking for non-MCQs (TITA – Type In The Answer).
3. CAT Percentile Calculation:
The CAT score is translated into a percentile, which indicates how a candidate performed relative to others. The percentile does not represent the raw score but reflects the rank among all test-takers.
Steps in Percentile Calculation:
- Raw Score Calculation: Based on the candidate’s answers and the marking scheme.
- Normalization Process: Since CAT is conducted in multiple slots with varying difficulty levels, scores are normalized across different sessions. The process ensures fairness.
- Percentile Calculation: After normalization, the percentile is calculated. For example, if a candidate’s percentile is 95%, it means they performed better than 95% of the total candidates.
4. CAT Percentile Formula:
The percentile for CAT is calculated using the following formula:
Example:
If 2,00,000 candidates appeared for CAT, and your rank is 5,000, the percentile would be:
[
\text{Percentile} = \frac{2,00,000 – 5,000}{2,00,000} \times 100 = 97.5\%
]
This means you performed better than 97.5% of the test-takers.
5. Normalization and Scaling:
The normalization ensures that differences in difficulty levels across slots are balanced. A formula is used to compare candidates’ scores within their slot and across different slots, making the final percentile fair across all test-takers.
6. Selection Process After CAT:
- After the CAT results, each IIM or institute uses the CAT percentile as a screening factor for shortlisting candidates for the next round, which may include:
- Written Ability Test (WAT)
- Group Discussion (GD)
- Personal Interview (PI)
- Each institute uses its own selection criteria, including CAT percentile, academic background, work experience, and diversity factors.
7. CAT Cutoffs:
Most of the top IIMs have high cutoffs, often above 95-99 percentile, but cutoffs vary based on the IIM, course, and category (general, SC/ST, OBC, etc.).
8. CAT 2023 Key Dates:
- Registration: Begins in August.
- Exam Date: Typically held in November (usually the last Sunday of November).
- Results: Declared in January.
If you’re preparing for CAT or need help with a specific section, feel free to ask!